Table of contents : Front matterCopyrightContributorsIntroduction. Life cycle thinking From the environmental concerns to a life cycle perspective History of LCT LCT and sustainability Tools and actions in LCT Life cycle assessment Life cycle costing, social life cycle assessment, and life cycle sustainability assessment Partial LCAs: Carbon footprint and water footprint Ecolabeling Life cycle initiative Integrated product policy European Platform on LCA Emerging trends in LCT ReferencesSustainability, sustainable development, and business sustainability Sustainability and sustainable development: Main concepts and approaches The Brundtland definition Main approaches to sustainable development Sustainability in the global public agenda Business sustainability Evolution of the concept Many approaches to business sustainability Triple bottom line Corporate social Responsibility Eco-efficiency True business sustainability References Further readingLife cycle thinking tools: Life cycle assessment, life cycle costing and social life cycle assessment Life cycle assessment methodology Goal and scope definition Life cycle inventory (LCI) Life cycle impact assessment Life cycle interpretation Life cycle costing methodology Goal and scope definition Inventory Calculation of LCC results Interpretation Social life cycle assessment methodology Definition of goal and scope Social life cycle inventory analysis Social life cycle impact assessment Social life cycle interpretation ReferencesLife cycle sustainability assessment: An ongoing journey Introduction Early years: From concept to scheme Pathway to standardization: The role of LCI/SETAC/UNEP in framework definition Standard in life cycle perspective following LCA and LCCA Glossary Interfaces for data exchange Basic methodological structure Functional unit and system boundaries Quali-quantitative inventory data Impact categories Indicators Interpretation and evaluation of results The life cycle initiative as a tool for LCSA application Organization life cycle assessment (OLCA) promoting LCSA Eco-efficiency and environmental product declaration (EPD) as a standardization tool for companies LCSA development in two decades of practice: A case study anthology Demolition processes for end-of-life building Reuse of waste electrical and electronic equipment components Transportation fuels Reinforced concrete buildings in seismic regions Dimethyl sulfoxide solvent recovery from hazardous wastewater Fly ash substitutions for cement in concrete structures Electricity generation systems Electricity generations options in the United Kingdom Grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Northeast England Electricity generation systems in Greece Electricity generation systems in Portugal Outlook: Perspective and opportunities Integration and harmonization Implementation of a multimethod approach Broadening of impacts and scope Final remarks References Further readingDevelopment and applicability of life cycle impact assessment methodologies Introduction The environmental assessment-LCA Technical framework Goal and scope definition Inventory analysis Impact assessment Interpretation Research progress Application situation Used in industry and enterprise sectors Used in government administration and international organizations Limitation Objective problems Limitations of information and data Time and geographical constraints The economic assessment-LCC Classification Content dependence Time dependence Cost dependence Analyze content Cost breakdown Cost estimate Cost conversion Sensitivity analysis Trade-off analysis Estimating method Parameter estimating method Analogy estimating method Engineering estimating method The social assessment-S-LCA Research status Guidance document Theoretical research Case study Deficiency and prospect Social impact and social impact assessment Social impact Social impact assessment Social life cycle assessment Technical framework Goal and scope definition Impact assessment Inventory analysis Interpretation The similarities and differences between S-LCA and LCA The sustainability assessment-LCSA Theory and practice The existing problems Conclusion ReferencesLife cycle thinking for sustainable development in the building industry Introduction Life cycle of building materials Green building materials Life cycle assessment of building materials Methodology Results Application of green building materials Recycling of construction and demolition waste ReferencesMCDM for sustainability ranking of district heating systems considering uncertainties Introduction Methods The SMAA-2 model The SMAA-O model Feasible weight space Handling the uncertainties Results and discussion The case of seven DH systems in a city of north China Results of stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments ReferencesFramework of life cycle sustainability assessment Introduction Framework of LCSA Goal and scope definition Life cycle inventory Life cycle impact assessment Interpretation Life cycle costing and social life cycle assessment Recent studies of LCSA Conclusions ReferencesLife cycle decision support framework: Method and case study Introduction Literature reviews Criteria system determination Decision making matrix determination Criteria weighting Aggregation Methodology Step 1. Determine the criteria system Step 2. Determine the decision-making matrix Step 3. Determine the criteria weights based on opinions of different decision makers by group ZBWM Step 4. Rank the alternatives by the goal programming method Case study Conclusions ReferencesAdvancing life cycle sustainability assessment using multiple criteria decision making Introduction MCDM methods overview Generic structure of MADM methods Transformation of attributes Normalization of attributes Weighting attributes Ranking of alternatives Application of MADM in LCSA Construction Transport Water Energy Consumption and production Challenges in the application of MADM for LCSA Choice of MADM method Rank reversal in MADM Dominating alternatives Consistency of inputs on indicators Weighting of the indicators Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis Interpretation of the results Proposed framework for MADM based LCSA Conclusions ReferencesA composite life cycle sustainability index for sustainability prioritization of industrial systems Introduction Life cycle environmental indicators Introduction of the environmental-life cycle assessment Environmental indicators from E-LCA Environmental indicators from the footprint assessment Other typical environmental indicators Life cycle economic indicators Introduction of life cycle costing Economic indicator from the LCC Economic indicators from other economic assessment tools Other typical economic indicators Life cycle social indicators Introduction of the social life cycle assessment Social Indicators from the UNEP S-LCA guidelines Other typical social indicators A composite life cycle sustainability index Development of a composite life cycle sustainability index Case study of the composite life cycle sustainability index Sensitivity analysis of the composite life cycle sustainability index Conclusions Acknowledgments ReferencesLife cycle sustainability assessment and decision-making under uncertainties Introduction The decision-making under uncertainties What is uncertainty? Decision-making under uncertainties LCSA and decision-making under uncertainties Uncertainties inherent to LCSA The integration of LCSA and MCDA A brief presentation of MCDA methods Main MCDA methods applied in LCSA studies Examples of MCDA integrated with LCSA under uncertainties LCSA integrated with ELECTRE III A brief description of ELECTRE III The case study presentation LCSA integrated with non-classical approaches Final remarks References Further readingMulti-criteria decision-making after life cycle sustainability assessment under hybrid information Introduction Decision-making under multi-type data condition Preliminary of interval numbers and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers Multi-criteria decision analysis under multi-data condition Case study Sensitivity analysis Conclusions Acknowledgment ReferencesLife cycle sustainability decision-making framework for the prioritization of electrochemical energy storage unde Introduction Criteria system for life cycle sustainability decision-making of the prioritization of electrochemical energy storage Methods Life cycle sustainability assessment framework Criteria weights determination using Bayesian BWM The basic theory and step of BWM The basic theory BBWM Fuzzy TOPSIS method for sustainability ranking of different electrochemical energy storage technologies from the ... Empirical analysis Criteria weights calculation Life cycle sustainability ranking for electrochemical energy storage technologies Conclusions Acknowledgments ReferencesBarriers identification and prioritization for sustainability enhancement: Promoting the sustainable developm ... Introduction Barriers to sustainable desalination industry in China Methods Basics of triangular fuzzy numbers The improved DEMATEL method Results and discussion Policy implications Conclusions Appendix: The relative influences of the influential factors on each factor ReferencesIntegrated data envelopment analysis, weighting method and life cycle thinking: A quantitative framework for ... Introduction Methods Intuitionistic fuzzy AHP Data envelopment analysis Case study Input indicators Output indicators Results and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgment ReferencesIndex
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